Italy Approves First Hydrogen-Powered Train for National Rail Network

ANSFISA has granted authorization for the first hydrogen-powered rail vehicle to operate in the country, marking a significant development in the shift toward low-emission railway mobility in Italy. The train is designed to reach a maximum operating speed of 140 km/h.

Italy is advancing its transition toward more sustainable rail transport solutions

The National Agency for the Safety of Railways, Road and Motorway Infrastructure (ANSFISA) has issued approval for the first type of hydrogen-powered rail vehicle to run on the national railway network. This authorization represents an important milestone in the introduction of alternative propulsion systems in the national rail sector.

The approval specifically concerns the HMU214 model developed by Alstom, which is intended for operation on the Brescia–Iseo–Edolo line managed by FERROVIENORD. The vehicle is part of Alstom’s “Coradia Stream” platform, a family that already includes the ETR103, ETR104, ETR204, and ETR108 train types, all of which have previously received authorization from ANSFISA.

This authorization represents the first official approval in Italy for a train powered by hydrogen fuel cells

The key distinction of the HMU214 model lies in its traction power supply system. Instead of relying on the traditional high-voltage 3kV DC overhead catenary system, it uses electricity produced through hydrogen fuel cells, which is then supported and stabilized by onboard traction batteries.

The hydrogen train has been designed with a maximum speed capability of 140 km/h and is equipped with a Class A signaling system that is integrated with Class B SCMT/SSC safety systems. It is intended to operate exclusively in single formations, meaning it will run as a single unit rather than in multiple coupled configurations.

This authorization represents the first official approval in Italy for a train powered by hydrogen fuel cells. It follows a comprehensive technical and regulatory evaluation process that began in 2022. The process involved close collaboration between the manufacturer, certification authorities, railway operators, and various safety assessment bodies responsible for verifying compliance and operational safety.

The decision also aligns with objectives outlined in the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. Hydrogen-powered trains are included among strategic investments aimed at supporting the decarbonization of transport systems and encouraging technological innovation within the railway sector. They are considered particularly important for use on non-electrified railway lines, where they offer a viable alternative to diesel-powered trains and contribute to reducing emissions.

Before the HMU214 enters full commercial service, it must complete a trial operation phase in accordance with the established guidelines for hydrogen rail vehicles. This testing period is intended to validate safety systems and operational procedures in real-world conditions, based on the risk assessments carried out during the authorization process.

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(Featured image by Nico Ruge via Unsplash)

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